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The fact that the Qur’an was revealed according to a Sabab (cause)
that appeared in the reality illustrated that it was a dynamic book rooted
in the reality. In other words it came to address the realities that
humanity faced as they occurred, rather than addressing realities in an
abstract fashion. It is a revelation that deserves attention by the mere
fact that it provokes thought in the listener/reciter, due to the fact that
the world has moved on whilst the realities which it came to address
remain.
Despite the fact that its verses were revealed in response to a cause (Asbaab
al-Nuzul), the cause did not restrict its application, as the wording (Lafz)
of the text is taken over the specificity of the cause(What matters is
the generality of expression and not the specificity of the cause)
The Qur'an has been revealed for guidance, for all times and situations to
come. However, various ayat were revealed at a particular time in history
and in particular circumstances. The Arabic word sabab (pl. asbab)
means reason, cause and ''marifa asbab al-nuzul'' is the knowledge about the
reasons of the revelations, i.e. the knowledge about the particular events
and circumstances in history that are related to the revelation of
particular passages from the Qur'an. As an example, when when one studies the
events which occurred prior to the revelation of the verse regarding face
veil,it can be deduced that the verse was specific to Prophet (saw)'s wives
and not all Muslim women.
Supporting the fact that this verse is specific to the wives of the
Messenger is the narration from Aisha(ra) who said: ''I was eating food (Hais)
with the Prophet in a dish. Umar passed by so the Prophet invited him in and
he ate. My finger touched his, Umar said: ''Had my view about you (the
Prophets wives) been taken, no one should have seen you. Then the seclusion
(veil verse) was revealed''. Therefore, the principle: What matters is the
generality of expression and not the specificity of the cause does not apply
to the verse regarding the face veil. However all Muslim women are still
required to cover her entire body except the hands and face which is
commanded by another wahy.
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